Jain temple of Khajuraho

JAIN TEMPLE OF KHAJURAHO

The Jain is one of the ancient religion of india. The aim of jains life is to achieve the purity of soul. The main goals of their life are Non violence, Non attachment. Followers of jainism take five main vows Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, Aparigraha.  Namokara mantra is the basic prayer of jainism. Jainism have two to four million followers around the world. Most follower are residing in india.

The Jain temples are situated on east-southeast region of Khajuraho monuments. The jain temple called Chausath jogini temple features 64 jogini, while Ghantai temple features bells sculptured on its pillars.

Architecture of the temples

The temple, follows a geometrical design called vastu-purusha-mandala. The structure of temple  has three main components Mandala means circle, Purusha is universal essence of Hindu tradition, while Vastu means the dwelling structure.

The design lays out in a symmetrical, concentrically layered, self-repeating structure around the core of the temple called Garbhagriya, where the important principle purusha and the important deity. This symmetry and structure of temple is derived from central beliefs, myths and mathematical principles.

The circle of mandala circumscribe the square. The square is considered divine for its perfection and as a symbolic product of knowledge and human thought, while circle is considered earthly, human and observed in everyday life (moon, sun, horizon, water drop, rainbow). Each supports the other. The square is divided into perfect 64 sub-squares called padas.]

Most Khajuraho temples deploy the 64 padas grid Manduka. vastupurushamandala with pitha mandala is the square grid incorporated in the spires.The primary deity are located in the grid’s.

Khajuraho temples use the 8x8 vastupurusamandala. Manduka grid layout plan found in hindu temples. Above the temple’s brahma padas is a shikhara(kind of aeroplane) that rises symmetrically above the central core. It is in a circles and turning-squares concentric with design that flows from one to the other as it rises towards the sky.

The architecture reflects the Hindu beliefs through its design, structure and arrangement of its part. The mandapas and the arts are arranged in the Khajuraho temples in a well aligned patterns each image or sculpture is distinctive in its own way. The placement of the images are not random but together they express ideas, just like connected words form sentences and paragraphs to compose ideas.This curved pattern that is common in Hindu temples. Various statues and panels have inscriptions. Many of the inscriptions on the temple walls are poems with double meanings, something that the complex structure of Sanskrit allows in creative compositions

Jain Temple of khajuraho

1. Parshavnath temple
2. Adinath temple

PARSHAVNATH TEMPLE

HISTORY

The temple was built in 10th century. The temple was built by Pahila in 954 AD. It contains inscription, mentioning garden and future safeguard to temple. The garden are named as Chander-vatika, Pahila-vatika, Laghuchandra-vatika, Shankra-vatika, Amra-vatika, Dhanga-vadi. This temple was built in Chandella dhanga reign. This temple is known for its magic number. The temple has been classified as MONUMENT OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE by the Archaeological Survey of India.

ART AND ARCHITECTURE

Parshavnath temple is the largest temple in Jains Temple of Khajuraho. It has an entrance, a small hall, a large hall called mandapa and a sanctum. The walls of temple have group of three sculpture. These sculpture feature flying couple, graceful women, dancer, musician and celestial being. The sculpture are like of lakshman temple but it has not any erotic sculpture except an apsara mastubrating with an object.

MAGIC SQUARE

The temple has a inscription called Jaina square or magic square. This magic score are very old magic square 4⨯4 magic box. The magic square contain 1to16 numbers. The sum of the numer in ever hotizontal row, vertical row is 34.

ADINATH TEMPLE

The jain temple is dedicated to The Jain Trithankara Adinath located in khajuraho, Madhya pradesh, India. It’s a part of UNESCO world heritage site.

HISTORY

The Adinath temple was built around 11th century CE. It was built after vamana temple. It is also classified as important monument by The Archaeological Survey of India. 

ARCHITECTURE

The design of the Adinatha temple is similar to the Vamana temple. There are only a few differences between these two temples example the top row of the outer wall of the temple drawing a art form of a flying vidyadhara. The curved tower of the temple is in better proportions than Vamana temple. It combines with a more evolved sculptural style, which suggests that the temple was constructed after the Vamana temple.

The two major parts of the temple survived: the vestibule and the sanctum. The roof of the vestibule is known for its elegant design.